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Location
:
Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Western Sahara 

Geographic coordinates: 32 00 N, 5 00 W 

Map references: Africa 

Area: 
total: 446,550 sq km 
land: 446,300 sq km 
water: 250 sq km 

Area - comparative: slightly larger than California 

Land boundaries: 
total: 2,017.9 km 
border countries: Algeria 1,559 km, Western Sahara 443 km, Spain (Ceuta) 6.3 km, Spain (Melilla) 9.6 km 

Coastline: 1,835 km 

Maritime claims: 
contiguous zone: 24 nm 
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation 
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm 
territorial sea: 12 nm 

Climate: Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior 

Terrain: northern coast and interior are mountainous with large areas of bordering plateaus, intermontane valleys, and rich coastal plains 

Elevation extremes: 
lowest point: Sebkha Tah -55 m 
highest point: Jebel Toubkal 4,165 m 

Natural resources: phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt 

Land use: 
arable land: 21% 
permanent crops: 1% 
permanent pastures: 47% 
forests and woodland: 20% 
other: 11% (1993 est.) 

Irrigated land: 12,580 sq km (1993 est.) 

Natural hazards: northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts 

Environment - current issues: land degradation/desertification (soil erosion resulting from farming of marginal areas, overgrazing, destruction of vegetation); water supplies contaminated by raw sewage; siltation of reservoirs; oil pollution of coastal waters 

Environment - international agreements: 
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands 
signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea 

Geography - note: strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar

 

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